Abstract

Incorporating artificial intelligence (AI) tools in education has revolutionised how students learn. Artificial intelligence )AI (enables customised learning experiences and improves teaching strategies; as a result, teachers can dedicate more time to engaging with students and providing assistance, which can lead to better overall educational results, particularly for English as a Second Language (ESL) students.  Despite the benefits of AI tools, this qualitative literature review paper explores the dual impact of AI tools on the development and destruction of essential 21st-century skills, including critical thinking, collaboration, creativity, and communication. On the other hand, notable challenges include over-reliance on technology, reduced interaction and interpersonal communication, and a decline in critical thinking abilities. This study highlights the advantages and challenges of using AI in ESL contexts by reviewing recent literature.  The key findings underscore the importance of a balanced approach to integrating AI tools into ESL curricula to optimise educational outcomes.  This review synthesises current research and offers actionable recommendations for educators to leverage AI in language learning settings effectively.

 Keywords:  Artificial intelligence (AI) - 21st-century skills - English as a Second Language (ESL)

Abstract

The main focus of this reviewed research paper is on the journey of Computer-Assisted Language Learning (CALL), which is a significant branch of applied linguistics. The use of technology in enhancing language learning and teaching process has evolved significantly over the years. Many undergraduate, postgraduate students in EFL programme at universities and some EFL instructors do not have a background knowledge about computer assisted language learning (CALL) and its relation to the development of teaching methods over the time. Thus, this review paper will illuminate this contemporary field. It begins with a detailed exploration of the definitions of Computer-Assisted Language Learning (CALL). Furthermore, the main body of the paper explains the three different stages through which CALL has evolved through, as a response to advances in technology, which lead to changes in language teaching methodologies. Moreover, CALL is connected to several other aspects and terms, many of which overlap with CALL and some of which differ based on the needs of pedagogical discipline. The function of each term started by computer assisted instruction (CAI) and ended by intelligent computer assisted language learning (ICAll.).  The benefits of using CALL in language learning has introduced in this paper as well, for example, including the ability of learners to practice at their own pace, the personalization of learning experiences, and the increased flexibility and accessibility enabled by all technology devices. Finally, the main finding is that improvements in computer literacy among students, developments in computer hardware and software, e.g. the integration of artificial intelligence, the emergence of new computer-based platforms, and the incorporation of ever-more-complex computer capabilities into other appliances are all contributing factors to the ongoing evolution of CALL. However, improving the alignment between effective teaching and technology remains a rising problem in CALL (Beatty, 2010).

Key words:  Computer Assisted Language Learning (CALL) 

ABSTRACT

This paper aims to focus on the selection of TESOL research participants. It was noted that many EFL postgraduate students face problems regarding the selection of participants for their TESOL research. Therefore, this paper reviews the literature on sampling research in general and within the discipline of TESOL. The paper clarifies the terms and strategies used in selecting research participants. By understanding and applying the principles and methods of sampling designs, EFL postgraduate students can enhance the validity and reliability of their research findings and contribute to the advancement of knowledge in the field of TESOL research. Keywords: TESOL (Teaching English to Speakers of Other Languages), Selection of research participants, EFL post graduate students

Abstract

Technology is, essentially, invading the teaching and learning domain in the modern world of education. Smart Board or Interactive White Board [IWB] is one of the advanced educational tools adapted for the classroom learning environment across the globe. Recent surveys conducted by the U.S. Department of Education, 2012 in the U.S. public schools and the European Commission, 2013, across Europe have found that, more or less, all instructional classrooms have been equipped with computers along with internet facility. Therefore, the need for the classroom computerization for better and more effectively interactive learning must be acknowledged and implemented in developing countries, in spite of the emergence of several real time constraints subsequently found regarding its funding, installation and maintenance as well as training the Language teachers. Therefore, the impetus of this study remains with the idea of spreading the concept of Smart Board teaching and learning in the academic communities as well as institutions by discussing elaborately. In order to achieve this goal, several articles relevant to the topic have been thoroughly studied and analyzed for the latest review. Eventually, the current review has found that the merits and demerits of IWB 

need to be further explained to the mentors as well as learners, those who are engaged in the active classroom environment. In addition to this background work, a brief interactive workshop is also designed to make the study more realistically effective and motivational. In this context, the outcome of this study would bring awareness among teachers as well as learners about the advantage of using smart technology to compete with their relevant peer groups while experiencing a smooth and effective academic progress. It also enables them to enhance their skills rapidly and consistently, while keeping abreast with the ever growing technology and its application. This study will be helpful not only to the mentors and the learners inside the classroom but also to everyone else, who is involved in digital technology as well as smart and independent learning process that prevails in an absolutely mechanized schooling environment. Key words: Mentoring and learning – Digital Technology – Smart Board/- Funding - Rapid growth and Prevalence